What is Deep Learning?
Deep learning, a branch of machine learning, is a field comprised of artificial neural networks entirely based on learning and making improvements by adopting a set of data to train itself. An artificial neural network, acting as a driver to deep learning, is a set of interconnected units known as neurons. In resemblance to a biological brain functioning, it aims to transmit signals between neurons which leads to extracting desired information from the dataset. The model learns from the dataset that can either be images, text, sounds, or videos on which it performs classification or categorization. Such models utilize a large volume of data to ensure accuracy and require GPU for data processing and prediction accuracy.
Deep learning has become a crucial element in the past few years in Natural Language Processing, speech recognition, vehicle automation, bioinformatics, sound recognition, etc. It has led researchers to extract and implement features and classify problems based on the training dataset provided. There is a high demand for deep learning algorithms on the industrial as well as research levels. Effective use of labeled and unlabeled data is by acquiring efficient functioning of deep learning algorithms to gather, train and generate required results. A deep learning model is developed to predict artificially given the dataset and logical structure.
How Deep learning works
Deep learning differs from Machine Learning as it generally utilizes labeled data and performs data pre-processing to organize a structural formation. Deep learning overcomes such data pre-processing and involves unstructured data such as images, to extract features without human supervision. Deep learning algorithms are based on supervised and unsupervised learning to train on provided inputs and follow neural network architectures on which clustering, classification, and regression occur, consisting of layers including input, output, and several hidden layers. The data is inserted via the input layer and the output layer extracts the finalized classification. This progressive computation is called propagation.
On the other hand, the progression is reversed for error calculations referred to as Backpropagation. The weights and biases are adjusted accordingly to generate accurate outcomes through backpropagation. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) is an architecture of the neural network, used for object detection, pattern recognition, and digit recognition using 2-dimensional layers from unstructured data. It automated the feature extraction from the dataset without manual assistance. Whereas Recurrent Neural Network is responsible for time series prediction, as it memorizes previously generated state of previous output and input known as Long-short Term Memory.
Applications of Deep Learning
Deep learning models have become essential for industrial advancements in terms of technology. The practical applications of deep learning, including autonomous vehicles, NLP, visual and pattern recognition, language translations and image description, have increasing usability at the industrial level. It is beneficial in terms of limiting human intervention and defect detection due to backpropagation. It also eliminates excessive costs of manual extraction whereas, large data requirements and high-performance GPU requirements are the drawbacks of deep learning algorithms.
Summary
General applications of deep learning define its importance in many sectors. Many industries are dependent on deep learning algorithms for accurate prediction from the input. Autonomous vehicles would not have been possible without deep learning algorithms. Similarly, its vast usage across the industrial sector sheds light on its dominance in the technology innovations in the era of automation and sensors taking artificial intelligence to a whole new level.
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